{"id":58045,"date":"2020-10-30T13:36:40","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T18:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/?p=58045"},"modified":"2020-10-30T13:36:40","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T18:36:40","slug":"wp-cli-install-and-manage-wordpress-on-the-command-line","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/devel.www.cpanel.net\/blog\/tips-and-tricks\/wp-cli-install-and-manage-wordpress-on-the-command-line\/","title":{"rendered":"WP CLI: Install and Manage WordPress\u00ae on the Command Line"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>WordPress is incredibly easy to use with its intuitive graphical interface but it&#8217;s not ideal for server administrators and hosting providers who manage hundreds of sites. WP-CLI (WordPress Command Line Interface) is a powerful tool that can control every aspect of WordPress from the command line.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When&nbsp; you&#8217;re tasked with updating or installing a plugin, managing multiple WordPress sites with the command line and scripting is more efficient. In this article, we\u2019ll show you how to install WP-CLI and highlight some of its most useful features, including how to install, update, and manage WordPress core, plugins, and themes on the command line.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How to Install WP-CLI<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>WP-CLI is a self-contained PHP app that can be installed both by server administrators and ordinary cPanel users.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Server administrators can make WP-CLI available to all of the server\u2019s users.<\/li><li>cPanel users can install it in their home directory or a WordPress site\u2019s directory to control their sites.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To install and use WP-CLI, you will need access to your server\u2019s command line. Administrators with root access can <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.cpanel.net\/cpanel\/security\/ssh-access\/\">log in with SSH<\/a>. cPanel users can log in with SSH if it\u2019s available or cPanel\u2019s built-in <em>Terminal<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/00-cpanel-terminal.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-58049\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>First, we need to download WP-CLI to the server with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>curl -O https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/wp-cli\/builds\/gh-pages\/phar\/wp-cli.phar<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/01-cpanel-terminal-wp-cli.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-58053\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Before we can run it, we need to provide execute permissions with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod +x wp-cli.phar<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You can learn more about chmod and file permissions in <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/how-to-assign-permissions-to-files-and-folders-in-cpanel\/\">How to Assign Permissions to Files and Folders in cPanel<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Setting Up WP-CLI as the Root User<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To allow every user to run WP-CLI, we have to move it to a directory <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PATH_(variable)\">in the system\u2019s PATH<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mv wp-cli.phar \/usr\/local\/bin\/wp<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Moves the file to \u201c\/usr\/local\/bin.\u201d<\/li><li>Renames it to \u201cwp\u201d for convenience, although you can also choose another meaningful filename.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>All users should be able to run WP-CLI from as \u201cwp.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Setting Up WP-CLI as a cPanel User<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>cPanel users without root access can\u2019t move files into a directory in PATH, but they can run it from their home folder or in a WordPress site\u2019s directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To run it from your home directory, you can tell WP-CLI which WordPress site to control with the \u201c&#8211;path\u201d option. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>.\/wp-cli.phar config list --path=\/home\/user\/public_html\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you move WP-CLI into the WordPress site\u2019s directory, you don\u2019t have to supply a location with \u201c&#8211;path,\u201d but you will need to specify the directory that contains the executable, using \u201c.\/\u201c for the current directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/home\/user\/public_html\/wp-cli.phar config list<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To make it easier to use, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/tldp.org\/LDP\/abs\/html\/aliases.html\">create an alias<\/a>, a command-line shortcut :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>alias wp='~\/wp-cli.phar\u2019<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The shell will replace \u201cwp\u201d with \u201c~\/wp-cli.phar\u201d, allowing you to enter \u201cwp\u201d rather than the full path to the executable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can make the alias permanent with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>echo \"alias wp='~\/wp-cli.phar'\" >> .bashrc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>We\u2019re adding the alias command to your account\u2019s .bashrc configuration file so that it runs whenever you log in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How WP-CLI Commands Work<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>WP-CLI commands are composed of a primary command followed by subcommands for controlling particular aspects of a WordPress site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp help <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Here \u201chelp\u201d is a command, which has subcommands such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp help core<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This prints help information for \u201ccore\u201d management features. The tool has an excellent built-in help and documentation system. If you\u2019re unsure which commands you can run or what they do, <em>help<\/em> should be your first recourse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/02-cpanel-wp-cli-help.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-58061\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4 Incredibly Useful WP-CLI Commands<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are over 40 commands and hundreds of subcommands. You can read the <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.wordpress.org\/cli\/commands\/\">full list<\/a> in the documentation, but we\u2019d like to highlight a few of the most useful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Reading and Writing Config Files<\/li><li>Changing WordPress User Passwords<\/li><li>Installing WordPress core, themes, and plugins<\/li><li>Back-up and Optimize the WordPress Database<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Reading and Writing WordPress\u2019s Configuration<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <em>config <\/em>command can read and write WordPress\u2019s configuration, which is stored in the <em>wp-config.php<\/em> file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To see the configuration variables in a site\u2019s wp-config.php file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp config list<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/03-cpanel-wp-cli-config.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-58057\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>To edit individual configuration variables such as the database name:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp config set DB_NAME new_name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To generate a new <em>wp-config.php<\/em> file with pre-configured values:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp config create --dbname=user2_wp --dbuser=user2_wp --dbpass=new_password<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Changing WordPress User Passwords<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In our recent article, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/fixing-wordpress-login-errors-with-cpanel\/\">Fixing WordPress Login Errors With cPanel<\/a>, we explored how to change user passwords by editing the database. Here\u2019s a faster way to replace lost and forgotten WordPress passwords.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp user update USERNAME --user_pass=\"new_password\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Although this method is faster, it is not as secure because the user\u2019s plaintext password is stored in your shell history. You can delete the shell history entries by using the up arrow to select the command and pressing Ctrl-U to delete it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Installing WordPress Core, Themes, and Plugins<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the most useful aspects of controlling WordPress from the command line is the ability to install everything from a plugin to a full WordPress site.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s start with a plugin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp plugin install hello-dolly --activate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To install without activating, omit the \u201c&#8211;activate\u201d option. To find the correct name for a plugin, open its page in the <a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress.org\/plugins\/\">WordPress plugin catalog<\/a> and copy the URL slug. In the example, we used the Hello Dolly plugin and copied the URL slug from its web page: https:\/\/wordpress.org\/plugins\/<strong>hello-dolly<\/strong>\/.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To install a theme:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp theme install twentytwenty --activate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also&nbsp; \u201cuninstall,\u201d \u201cdelete,\u201d and \u201cupdate\u201d plugins and themes. The update feature is particularly useful on sites with many plugins:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To update all of a site\u2019s plugins at the same time:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp plugin update --all<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, to install a new WordPress site in seconds:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp core install --url=example.com --title=\"A New Site\" --admin_user=frank --admin_password=astrongpassword --admin_email=frank@example.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Running this on the command line stores the plaintext admin password in the shell history, but you can delete it as described in the previous section.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Back-Up and Optimize The WordPress Database<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As we explained in <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/how-to-back-up-and-restore-mysql-databases-in-cpanel\/\"><em>How to Back Up and Restore MySQL\u00ae Databases in cPanel<\/em><\/a>, it\u2019s straightforward to dump your site\u2019s MySQL database in the cPanel interface. However, if you prefer to back up from the terminal, use:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp db export --add-drop-table<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The \u201c&#8211;add-drop-table\u201d option ensures that data is correctly replaced when restoring the backup. E<em>xport<\/em> creates an SQL file with a filename based on the date and database name. To specify a different filename, add it to the end of the command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp db export --add-drop-table database-backup.sql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To restore the database, import the SQL file with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp db import database-backup.sql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Importing is a destructive action. It will irretrievably delete any data that was added to the database after the backup was made.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, you can optimize or repair the database. Optimizing reorganizes the way data is stored to speed up reading and writing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp db optimize  <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Repair<\/em> attempts to fix damaged database tables. It is often worth trying when you suspect database corruption or in a White Screen of Death situation where the WordPress interface is not working.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>wp db repair<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fast and Efficient WordPress Multisite Management with WP-CLI<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>WP-CLI is an essential tool for anyone who hosts and manages large numbers of WordPress sites. It can substantially reduce the time and effort needed to carry out regular maintenance tasks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we focused on running commands manually, but all the commands discussed and many more can be used in scripts to automate complex workflows. WP-CLI can also be combined with cron to schedule WordPress management tasks. We explained how to automate web hosting tasks with cron in <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.cpanel.com\/how-to-configure-a-cron-job\/\"><em>How to Configure a Cron Job<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If using the WP-CLI still seems a bit daunting, cPanel has added the most used WP-CLI commands to WP Toolkit for cPanel&nbsp; in Version 92.&nbsp; Launching a site,&nbsp; managing plugins and themes, and more,&nbsp; are all just a click away.&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/cpanel.net\/wordpress-toolkit\/\">Discover all the features of&nbsp; WP Toolkit.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Introduction to WordPress Toolkit for cPanel\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IxZDSQcska4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>As always, if you have any feedback or comments, please let us know. We are here to help in the best ways we can. You\u2019ll find us on <a href=\"https:\/\/go.cpanel.net\/discord\">Discord<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/forums.cpanel.net\/\">cPanel forums<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/reddit.com\/r\/cpanel\">Reddit<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>WordPress is incredibly easy to use with its intuitive graphical interface but it&#8217;s not ideal for server administrators and hosting providers who manage hundreds of sites. WP-CLI (WordPress Command Line Interface) is a powerful tool that can control every aspect of WordPress from the command line. When&nbsp; you&#8217;re tasked with updating or installing a plugin, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":65561,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>WP CLI: Install and Manage WordPress\u00ae on the Command Line | cPanel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/devel.www.cpanel.net\/blog\/tips-and-tricks\/wp-cli-install-and-manage-wordpress-on-the-command-line\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"WP CLI: Install and Manage WordPress\u00ae on the Command Line | cPanel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"WordPress is incredibly easy to use with its intuitive graphical interface but it&#8217;s not ideal for server administrators and hosting providers who manage hundreds of sites. 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